It's not obvious to me that comparing GDP per capita is a fair comparison when talking about one country with immigration vs one without. A lot of the immigration I believe to be not so skilled. But we needed lower-skill jobs filled too.

its quite complicated and changes over time.

Post Brexit changes make it easier for high skilled workers and harder for low skilled. I have not idea how big the actual change has been.

There have been other events and rule changes that have had an impact - covid and Ukrainian visas.

Some interesting data here: https://migrationobservatory.ox.ac.uk/resources/briefings/mi...

I'm struggling to confirm that my intuition of why the compiler optimisation is faster than the naive switch expansion.

Is it about the layout of where the assembly instructions end up, and spacing around them? Or the CPU pipelining working better? Or...?

distributing the dispatch instructions lets the predictor pick up on specific patterns within the bytecode - for example, comparison instructions are probably followed by a conditional branch instruction

Ah of course! It's improving the branch target predictor. Makes sense, thanks!

There are reasons for not wanting to sell their brainchild to Musk (of all people) that don't involve money.

Why is that?

Being perceived as the boss of the most powerful company when AGI arrives is probably worth more than whatever little stock he holds...

Timeline, maybe.

Could you give an example or two of languages/frameworks that have demonstrated abstracting the transaction blocks away? I'm not sure I'm following so I think this will help.

I lost the link to one Golang library that I liked very much but here's the link to Elixir's Ecto: https://hexdocs.pm/ecto_sql/Ecto.Adapters.SQL.Sandbox.html (not the perfect one, sorry, but can't be bothered to look for a better resource). The TL;DR is as above: it uses the same DB but does parallel connections to it and in each you have a transaction that's ultimately rolled back.

C.f. 'git', which you probably do use and etymologically is obviously a bit rude and humorous too.

Merriam-Webster says:

> as in lunatic a person who lacks good sense or judgment

Not marked as rude or profane.

It's a British English word, so don't use Merriam-Webster [0]:

> a person, especially a man, who is stupid or unpleasant

Or [1]:

> If you refer to another person as a git, you mean you dislike them and find them annoying. [British, offensive, disapproval]

[0] https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/git

[1] https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/english/git

Could you link to the particular case you're referring to?

An error in the article.

I made a PR

https://github.com/francisrstokes/githublog/pull/7

Agreed!

Hard-coded in what? Every DoH client?

Web browsers usually. Chrome uses Google's, Firefox uses Cloudflare's. You can change it in the settings, but the reason it works out of the box is because it's shipped with an IP pre-set.