Even just undergraduate linear algebra & calc + real analysis & prob/stats... With good teachers to draw the connections
Stuff like info theory are amazing bc of this... But easy to miss if you are just working through a drier text
The crazier version for me is we have a physics professor on our team whose grounding intuitions are use ideas like black holes for mental intuition... Which does not work as well for the rest of the team
(And a lot of modern ML/AI feels very engineered and interchangeable after that, like 'metric function of the month')
Either a year in college, or your entire lifetime. Not that it really matters since mathematically, they're both fundamentally the same, they're both just numbers.
decades of trying, in my case. and I still only understand a little. I focused a lot on linear algebra, graphs, and probability- most of abstract math is completely outside my understanding.