Go is basically a systems programming language if you consider """the cloud""" a system, a big part of the ecosystem is built on it. It is basically between C/C++/Rust and Java/C#, which is "good enough".
Not exactly, the web runs on browsers and web engines that are written in C++, and servers that are mostly C and/or C++. On the other hand, "the could" runs (partially) on k8s and friends, which are written in Go (which runs on servers, written in C and/or C++).