But, it has not been as stable as you might think. During the 1300s, the popes resided in France.

As recently as 1870, during the Italian unification, the church was stripped of its power to govern Rome after an armed confrontation between armies at the gates of Rome ("XX Septembre"). During this period, the Pope (the ninth Pius) seriously considered fleeing Italy.

According to Wikipedia the Vatican Library has existed since 1481. Doubtful that many people here would have material that would interest them though.