Your public, verifiable identity already exists because the government keeps track of it. Why would a third party need to be involved if the infrastructure is already available straight from the source? Also, if multiple providers existed, how could platforms avoid duplicates, in case of need?
Not all countries have centralized systems with comprehensive national databases, some purposefully fragment record-keeping across different agencies and limit their access accordingly.
Privacy laws and constitutional protections vary widely across democracies and - in my estimation - for very good reason.
This is about pure and simple national ID. National IDs are already managed at the national level, by definition. Other kinds of records are outside of the topic
I don't want government to be able to get my id. Especially the British and German governments have proved that their lack the maturity to work with such data. They couldn't even keep their fingers from Corona app data.
I would even prefer it to give my info to Elon Musk. He may be crazy, but he wouldn't be interested in my stupid opinions.
It's not the only way, but since the government already has lots of personal information about you, having them also do the ID thing means that I wouldn't need to expose myself to yet another company or otherwise expand my attack surface.
My point is that my information is already centralized in one place. Giving that information to additional places increases the odds of that information being misused, so I'm not willing to do that. It increases my vulnerability.
You can verify that you're above a certain age while remaining anonymous by way of zero knowledge proof, for example. There is no need to involve a government in a transaction of information that is outside its scope.