I try to make 3 claims in the post, it was a bit clumsy I'll admit that.
1. At inference time, LLMs emit one token at a time given the prior tokens. This looks like prediction and I concede that.
2. During pre-training, LLMs predict the next token and compare to the actual next token in the training data. This is the classic setting for ML predictions. And I think its meaningful, the model really is predicting what the ground truth next token will be in the data.
3. During post-training, in the case of RLVR, there is no ground truth next token. In pretraining, the question is "what token actually came next?". In RLVR, the question is "what sequence of actions gets a high reward?"
And the whole point is that thinking about the RLVR is important. A mental model that stops at 1 or 2 is incomplete and doesn't capture what drives LLM tokens.
My understanding about your third point is the LLM generates lots of different answers, then they’re ranked according to some computation the creators came up with.
I’m still not sure what doesn’t qualify any of that as a prediction, and I’ll be more blunt: a guess.
No logic required, you can just build an LLM yourself, including post training. You'll see that predicting the next token isn't something the model does or is optimized for in RLHF or RLVR. You can hand wave all you like, but you have never done it.
That you tie yourself up in knots of fancy acronyms instead of plain words and that your argument boils down to semantics of the word prediction, it's pretty clear what is up brother.
Just like how reading a math book doesn’t teach you math, why do they make us read anyway? (Sarcasm) if reading a blog post didn’t teach someone how a car works how come it “can” work for next token predictors
If you want to understand how this stuff works, there are totally decent books about building them from scratch. It's not that hard, and you'll likely find it interesting. Sebastian Raschka and Nathan Lambert have good books out, and the Allen Institute has available all the code and data they have used for several projects.