Well, from what I've seen in people that have not just taken logic classes but passed them, I'd say that there really is an innate difference - not in skill or experience or learning or knowing, but in the mindset; and a significant proportion of people don't/can't/won't "think properly" as you state it.
And it doesn't seem to be changeable at college level - I've no idea if it is innate or learned at an early age, but for adults there is a difference between "logical" people and "intuitive" (for lack of a better word) people.
For the first type it is trivial to teach/learn things such as logic, computing, troubleshooting, etc - even if they have no prior experience and have always been working and studying in unrelated areas such as linguistics or psychology. I've taught them and seen that - if I get an HR girl in an Excel course that 'thinks logically', within a few weeks she'll be able to do more with data than a number of non-logical-thinkng CS grads.
For the second type, I've seen them spend a decade with both college+masters studies and lots on-the-job experience, and they still haven't changed by that - they may remember the concepts of logic and even pass an exam on them, but they don't/can't/won't apply them. They aren't dumb - they may be very intelligent, hard working and effective at they know; but still they won't "reason and argue avoiding fallacies and obviously incorrect positions" even the next day after taking a course about logical fallacies. As you say, they are not "thinking properly", but that's how they are happy and achieving results and they'll stay that way.
And it doesn't seem to be changeable at college level - I've no idea if it is innate or learned at an early age, but for adults there is a difference between "logical" people and "intuitive" (for lack of a better word) people.
For the first type it is trivial to teach/learn things such as logic, computing, troubleshooting, etc - even if they have no prior experience and have always been working and studying in unrelated areas such as linguistics or psychology. I've taught them and seen that - if I get an HR girl in an Excel course that 'thinks logically', within a few weeks she'll be able to do more with data than a number of non-logical-thinkng CS grads.
For the second type, I've seen them spend a decade with both college+masters studies and lots on-the-job experience, and they still haven't changed by that - they may remember the concepts of logic and even pass an exam on them, but they don't/can't/won't apply them. They aren't dumb - they may be very intelligent, hard working and effective at they know; but still they won't "reason and argue avoiding fallacies and obviously incorrect positions" even the next day after taking a course about logical fallacies. As you say, they are not "thinking properly", but that's how they are happy and achieving results and they'll stay that way.