And it still doesn't work right. The only application that gets it right is Chrome (shift click on the green button), but they are simulating it. Mac OS still gets it wrong.
This is something that confuses even veteran Mac users, but the green button is not for maximization. Every application defines a "standard state." This could be hard-coded or, in the case of Safari, the standard state can be defined dynamically in terms of the content you're viewing. The green button is supposed to toggle between the standard state and the user state (that is, the state you've manually put the window in).
In my case, I just use Slate and have Shift+Cmd+Enter bound to maximize the window. Then I've got Shift+Cmd+(H,J,K,L,Y,U,B,N) bound to what you'd expect based on the vim keybindings. That's just the absolute beginning of what is possible with Slate; I'm sure there's vast potential I'm not yet tapping into.
> If you want to just redefine the meaning of that button to be "maximize,"
Mac OS is doing the redefining, here. To more than 90% of desktop users (Windows users), "maximize" means "take up all the screen".
Mac OS came up with this weird notion that it should mean something different, hence all the complaining.
Microsoft examined this problem in the 90's and reached the conclusion that the "standard" state made little sense: to a user, a window has only two states, "full screen" and "the size they resized it to".
I'm pretty sure that was just an easy description for the tutorial. It always sized to fit the window's contents, but that takes too many words to describe for the context.